U.S. Economy Dashboard

Investozora U.S. Economy Dashboard

Investozora macro regime signal · live analytical context

Mixed Expansion · current verified baseline

The signal starts from the newest verified official baseline available to this build and is replaced automatically by newer validated inflation, real growth and labor market observations. It summarizes direction across several macro inputs; it is an Investozora analytical classification, not an official government designation, recession call or investment recommendation.

Verified inputs: Core PCE 3.3% YoY · Real GDP 1.5% SAAR · Unemployment 4.1% · Payroll change −23K. Source releases: BEA Personal Income and Outlays · BEA GDP second estimate · BLS Employment Situation.

Use this dashboard as a traceable U.S. economic research page. It brings together inflation, employment, Federal Reserve policy, Treasury yields, real economic growth, household purchasing power and federal finances using data from the agencies that publish each series. Every major reading is shown with its measurement period, unit, source and update frequency. Historical charts keep the natural source frequency, so business day series remain business day data, monthly series remain monthly and quarterly series remain quarterly. This makes it easier to compare the latest reading with the path that came before it instead of seeing a number without context.

Official Data First: Investozora Calculations Are Clearly Labeled. Live and cached requests are checked against the originating publisher before they replace the visible baseline. Registered BLS and FRED credentials stay on the server, while browser readable Federal Reserve Bank of New York, U.S. Treasury and Treasury Fiscal Data feeds are checked independently. If a source is delayed or temporarily unavailable, the page keeps a dated official baseline rather than showing a blank value. Revisions remain part of the record, and formulas for Investozora derived measures are disclosed so readers can reproduce the result.

Latest official readings

U.S. economy at a glance

Read every headline with its reference period and publication frequency. Treasury yields and overnight reference rates are business day series; CPI and the Employment Situation are monthly; real GDP is quarterly; and federal fiscal series follow their Treasury publication schedules. The date, unit and revision status are part of the data—not footnotes to it. This section is a quick starting point: it shows the newest available readings across the main parts of the economy before the page moves into the full histories and source tables.

Rates & monetary policy

Federal Funds Target Range
3.50–3.75%
Last verified fallback: Aug. 24, 2026
Official fallback
Source: Federal Reserve Bank of New York EFFR · official target range and overnight reference rate feed.

Inflation & growth

CPI Inflation
3.4%
12 months through July 2026
Official fallback
Source: BLS Consumer Price Index · CPI U series CUUR0000SA0.
Core CPI
2.5%
12 months through July 2026
Official fallback
Source: BLS Consumer Price Index · all items less food and energy, CUUR0000SA0L1E.
Real GDP Growth
1.5%
Q2 2026 second estimate · annualized rate
Verified BEA baseline
Source: BEA GDP second estimate, Q2 2026 · newer official estimates supersede this baseline.

Labor & federal finances

Nonfarm Payroll Change
−23K
July 2026
Official fallback
Source: BLS Employment Situation · monthly change in total nonfarm payroll employment.
Accuracy rule: a data feed being unavailable does not make the underlying government statistic “unknown.” This page keeps a dated last verified official release in the HTML, then upgrades it when a newer official browser readable feed succeeds. A fallback is always labeled so readers can distinguish “latest fetched” from “last verified.”

Change monitor

What changed from the previous reading?

A level alone can hide the direction of travel. This comparison separates the latest official reading from the immediately preceding comparable observation. Changes are descriptive, not labels of “good” or “bad.” A change is most useful when it is compared with the prior official reading. This section shows that comparison so a small move is not mistaken for a major shift.

Headline CPI · year over year
3.4%−0.1 pp

Previous: 3.5% · June 2026 · Source: BLS

Core CPI · year over year
2.5%−0.1 pp

Previous: 2.6% · June 2026 · Source: BLS

Unemployment rate
4.1%−0.1 pp

Previous: 4.2% · June 2026 · Source: BLS

Nonfarm payroll change
−23K−43K

Previous month: +20K · June 2026 · Source: BLS

10-Year Treasury yield
4.66%+2 bps

Previous business day: 4.64% · Aug. 25, 2026 · Source: U.S. Treasury

Real GDP growth
1.5%−0.6 pp

Previous quarter: 2.1% · Q1 2026 · Source: BEA. Current baseline reflects the latest verified BEA estimate and is replaced when the secure BEA origin series refreshes.

Comparison rule: compare like with like. A year over year CPI rate is compared with the previous month’s year over year CPI rate; a Treasury yield is compared with the previous available business day; quarterly GDP is compared with the previous quarter’s annualized growth estimate.

Investozora analysis

What the data says now

The current picture is mixed: inflation remains above the Federal Reserve’s long run price stability objective, real GDP is still expanding, and July payroll employment changed little while unemployment remained 4.1%. Read the signals together rather than treating any single release as a complete diagnosis; revisions, measurement frequency and the difference between market rates and economic activity all matter.

Inflation

July CPI rose 3.4% from a year earlier, while core CPI rose 2.5%. Headline inflation eased slightly from June, but the composition matters: food prices were 3.0% higher over the year and energy prices were 14.7% higher. The core measure was lower than headline inflation, showing that volatile energy prices were adding substantial pressure to the overall rate.

Labor market

The unemployment rate was 4.1% in July and nonfarm payrolls changed little, falling by 23,000. The participation rate was 61.4%, while average hourly earnings were 3.2% higher than a year earlier. May and June payroll gains were revised down by a combined 103,000, which makes revisions an important part of the current jobs picture rather than a footnote.

Rates, growth & fiscal conditions

The Fed’s target range remains the anchor for short term interest rates, while Treasury yields show how market borrowing costs vary by maturity. Real GDP grew at a 1.5% annualized rate in the Q2 second estimate, down from 2.1% in Q1. Federal debt and the budget deficit should be read separately: debt is an outstanding stock; the deficit measures the gap between receipts and outlays over a period.

Rates & Treasury market

Federal Reserve policy and the Treasury curve

The effective federal funds rate is an overnight reference rate. Treasury par yields are official points on the Treasury par yield curve, not mortgage rates, corporate yields or forecasts. Treasury yields are market interest rates on U.S. government debt, while the federal funds rate is an overnight policy rate. For example, a rising 10 year yield can affect mortgage and corporate borrowing costs even when the Federal Reserve has not changed its target range that day.

2-Year vs. 10-Year Treasury Yield Historical observations

Loading the latest official Treasury curve. A dated official fallback is already available.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Department of the Treasury, Daily Treasury Par Yield Curve. The live history retains each available official business day observation rather than collapsing the series to annual points. Official Daily Treasury Par Yield Curve.

Latest Treasury par yield curve

1M3M6M1Y2Y3Y5Y7Y10Y20Y30Y
3.80%3.85%3.94%4.02%4.19%4.29%4.37%4.51%4.66%5.17%5.18%
Verified baseline row: U.S. Treasury daily par yield curve, Aug. 26, 2026. When the official XML feed loads successfully, this row and the chart are replaced with the newest available business day observation.
2s10s spread+50 bps
5s30s spread+84 bps
10s30s spread+53 bps
10Y minus EFFR+103 bps
Why the curve matters: shorter maturities are usually more sensitive to expectations for Federal Reserve policy, while longer maturities also reflect expectations for inflation, growth, future short rates and term compensation. A curve spread is descriptive; it is not a guaranteed forecast.

Prices

U.S. inflation

Inflation is not one number. Headline CPI, core CPI, food, shelter, energy and PCE answer related but different questions. Reading the components helps explain why the headline rate moved. Inflation measures how quickly prices are changing. Headline CPI includes the full consumer basket, while core measures remove food and energy to make underlying price pressure easier to compare over time.

Headline CPI, YoY3.4%
Core CPI, YoY2.5%
Headline CPI, monthly Sa+0.1%
Core CPI, monthly Sa+0.2%

Headline vs. Core CPI Every month

The interactive line chart uses every available monthly BLS observation. Hover on desktop or tap on mobile for the exact month and value.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Headline CPI: CUUR0000SA0; Core CPI: CUUR0000SA0L1E. Year over year rates are calculated from official monthly index observations. Official BLS CPI.

What is driving inflation?

Category12-month changeLatest monthly changePlain English read
All items CPI3.4%+0.1%Broad consumer price measure.
Core CPI2.5%+0.2%Excludes food and energy to reduce short term volatility.
Food3.0%+0.1%Includes food at home and food away from home.
Shelter3.2%+0.1%A large CPI weight; often moves more slowly than market rents.
Energy14.7%−1.5%Highly volatile; a major reason headline CPI can diverge from core CPI.
Gasoline24.6%−2.9%A visible household cost that can change quickly month to month.
Electricity4.2%+0.1%Part of energy services.
Transportation services2.9%+0.3%Includes services such as vehicle insurance and airline fares.
Medical care services2.7%One component of services inflation.
July 2026 context: BLS reported headline CPI up 3.4% from a year earlier and core CPI up 2.5%. Energy prices were up 14.7% over the year, while food was up 3.0%. These component readings explain why the headline rate can move differently from the core measure.

Employment

U.S. labor market

The unemployment rate and payroll count come from different BLS surveys. The household survey measures people’s labor force status; the establishment survey measures payroll jobs, hours and earnings at employers. The labor market is best read through several measures together. Payroll growth shows changes in jobs, unemployment shows the share of the labor force without work and participation shows how many people are in the labor force.

Unemployment rate4.1%
Nonfarm payroll change−23K
Average hourly earnings, YoY3.2%
Labor force participation61.4%

Unemployment Rate Every month

Live BLS series when available; official release fallback otherwise.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, LNS14000000. Monthly, seasonally adjusted. Official BLS Cps.

Payroll Change Every month

Thousands of jobs; latest verified release values and live BLS calculation when available.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Employment Statistics, CES0000000001. Monthly change equals the latest total nonfarm payroll level minus the prior month. Official BLS Ces.

Labor market detail

MeasureLatest verified readingWhat it tells you
Unemployed people6.916 millionPeople without a job who meet BLS unemployment criteria.
Employment population ratio58.9%Share of the civilian noninstitutional population that is employed.
Labor force participation61.4%Share of the population working or actively seeking work.
Part time for economic reasons4.804 millionPeople working part time who would prefer full time work for economic reasons.
Long term unemployed1.771 millionPeople unemployed for 27 weeks or longer.
Average hourly earnings$37.62Average hourly pay for all private nonfarm employees.
Average hourly earnings, YoY3.2%Annual wage growth measure from the establishment survey.
Average weekly hours34.3Average weekly hours for all private nonfarm employees.
3-month average payroll change+20KHelps smooth a single noisy monthly payroll estimate.
Revisions matter: the July 2026 Employment Situation revised May payroll growth from +129,000 to +63,000 and June from +57,000 to +20,000. The combined change was 103,000 lower than previously reported. A serious jobs dashboard should preserve that context instead of showing only the newest headline.

Growth & household demand

GDP, PCE and the consumer

GDP measures economy wide output. PCE measures household consumption, while the PCE price indexes measure prices for consumer goods and services. These series are related, but they are not substitutes for one another. Real GDP measures inflation adjusted economic output. PCE measures household spending and the PCE price indexes are important inflation measures used by the Federal Reserve.

Real GDP Growth
1.5%
Q2 2026 second estimate · annualized
Source: BEA GDP second estimate, Q2 2026. Real GDP increased 1.5% at a seasonally adjusted annual rate in Q2 after 2.1% growth in Q1. Each newer BEA estimate supersedes the prior estimate for the same quarter.
Real PCE, monthly change+0.4%
Personal income, monthly+0.2%
Disposable personal income, monthly+0.2%
Current dollar PCE, monthly+0.3%

Real GDP growth history Secure FRED

Loading the newest BEA origin real GDP growth series through the secure FRED gateway.

Data provenance: BEA origin Real Gross Domestic Product, percent change from the preceding period at a seasonally adjusted annual rate, distributed through FRED series A191RL1Q225SBEA. Values can be revised by BEA. Official BEA GDP · FRED A191RL1Q225SBEA.
How to read GDP: the headline U.S. quarterly real GDP growth rate is typically reported at an annualized rate. That does not mean the economy grew that percentage in a single quarter. BEA also revises estimates as more complete source data arrive, so label the estimate stage: advance, second or third: when you update this section.

Federal finances

Debt, receipts, outlays and the deficit

Federal debt is measured at a point in time. Receipts, outlays and the deficit are flows measured over a month or fiscal year. Keeping those concepts separate prevents one of the most common errors in public debt reporting. Federal debt is the accumulated amount the government owes, while the deficit is the gap between spending and receipts over a period. They answer different questions and should not be treated as the same measure.

Total public debt outstanding$40.03T
Debt held by the public$32.28T
Intragovernmental holdings$7.79T
Debt held by public share80.6%

Total Public Debt Outstanding Month end history

Recent official Treasury observations load directly from Debt to the Penny when available.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Department of the Treasury, Fiscal Service, Debt to the Penny. The live chart retains each available official business day observation, with full date inspection on hover or tap. Official Debt to the Penny.

FY2026 budget position through July

Deficit as Share of Outlays
28.7%
Investozora calculation · rounded
Calculation: FYTD deficit ÷ FYTD outlays. This is descriptive, not a standard Treasury headline indicator.
Debt ≠ deficit: if the government spends more than it receives during a period, it records a deficit. Financing that deficit generally adds to borrowing, but the change in outstanding debt does not have to equal the reported deficit exactly because cash balances and other financing activities also matter.

New York Fed money markets

Overnight funding rates and market plumbing

These rates describe different segments of overnight U.S. dollar funding markets. They help readers see whether the Federal Reserve’s policy setting is transmitting normally through unsecured and secured short term markets. Overnight funding rates show the price of very short term secured and unsecured borrowing. They help readers see whether Federal Reserve policy is passing through to the money markets that support the financial system.

Effective federal funds rate3.63%
SOFR3.62%
OBFR3.63%
TGCR3.60%
BGCR3.60%

Latest Overnight Reference Rates

Fallback: New York Fed reference rate publication dated Aug. 7, 2026. Live values replace these when the official feed loads.

Data provenance: Source: Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Reference Rates. EFFR, SOFR, OBFR, TGCR and BGCR describe different overnight U.S. dollar funding markets. Official NY Fed feed.
SOFR − EFFR−1 bp
30-day average SOFR3.630%
90-day average SOFR3.629%
180-day average SOFR3.663%

EFFR vs. SOFR

EFFR summarizes overnight federal funds transactions. SOFR is a broad secured overnight financing rate backed by Treasury collateral. Similar levels can indicate orderly transmission, but they measure different markets.

TGCR and BGCR

The Tri Party General Collateral Rate and Broad General Collateral Rate describe Treasury repo activity. They add detail to the secured funding picture rather than replacing SOFR.

TIPS & real rates

Real Treasury yields and inflation compensation

Real Treasury yields come from Treasury Inflation Protected Securities. Subtracting a real yield from a comparable nominal Treasury yield gives a market inflation- compensation measure: useful, but not identical to a pure inflation forecast. A real Treasury yield adjusts the nominal yield for inflation compensation. The difference between nominal and real yields is often used as a market based measure of inflation compensation, but it is not a guaranteed inflation forecast.

5-Year real Treasury2.06%
10-Year real Treasury2.34%
30-Year real Treasury2.92%
10Y inflation compensation2.34%

10-Year Nominal vs. Real Treasury Yield Historical observations

Verified Treasury observations through Aug. 26, 2026. Live Treasury nominal and real yield feeds replace this series when readable.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Treasury Daily Treasury Par Yield Curve and Daily Treasury Par Real Yield Curve. Real yields are TIPS based Treasury estimates; the live chart retains matching business day observations. Official nominal curve · Official real curve.

Inflation compensation by maturity

MaturityNominal TreasuryReal TreasuryNominal − RealInterpretation
5-Year4.37%2.06%2.31%Approximate market inflation compensation over the maturity.
10-Year4.66%2.34%2.32%Widely watched long run inflation compensation measure.
30-Year5.18%2.92%2.26%Long horizon nominal minus real spread.
Important: nominal minus real Treasury spreads are often called breakeven inflation rates, but they include more than expected inflation. Inflation risk premiums, liquidity differences and market technicals can affect the spread. Label them as market inflation compensation rather than a guaranteed inflation forecast.

Household purchasing power

Wage growth vs. consumer inflation

Comparing nominal wage growth with CPI gives a simple view of whether pay is rising faster or slower than consumer prices. It is not the same as the BLS official real earnings series, so Investozora labels the difference as a calculation. Comparing wage growth with inflation gives a simple view of purchasing power. When wages rise faster than consumer prices, pay is gaining ground in real terms; when prices rise faster, purchasing power is under pressure.

Average hourly earnings, YoY3.2%
CPI inflation, YoY3.4%
Wage growth minus CPI−0.2 pp
Average hourly earnings$37.62

Wage Growth Compared With CPI Inflation Every month

The live version uses BLS average hourly earnings and CPI series when BLS retrieval is available.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Average hourly earnings: CES0500000003; CPI U: CUUR0000SA0. The gap is an Investozora comparison, not an official BLS real earnings measure. Official BLS Ces · Official BLS CPI.

If the gap is positive

Nominal average hourly earnings are growing faster than CPI in percentage point terms. That can support purchasing power, although household experiences vary by spending mix, hours worked and income source.

If the gap is negative

CPI is rising faster than nominal average hourly earnings in this simple comparison. Do not call this an official “real wage” rate; it is an Investozora comparison of two published growth rates.

Inflation adjusted pay

Real earnings and household purchasing power

Nominal wages tell you how many dollars workers receive. Real earnings adjust those dollars for consumer price changes, making it easier to see whether purchasing power from an hour or week of work is rising or falling. Real earnings convert pay into inflation adjusted dollars. This makes it easier to see whether workers can buy more with their earnings than they could in an earlier period.

Real average hourly earnings$11.30
Real hourly earnings, YoY−0.2%
Real average weekly earnings$387.72
Real weekly earnings, YoY+0.1%

Real Average Hourly Earnings Every month

July 2026 official BLS fallback is visible; the live chart uses the official BLS real average hourly earnings series every month when BLS retrieval succeeds.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Real average hourly earnings use official BLS real earnings methodology and monthly published series/inputs. Official BLS Real Earnings.
  • Why real earnings can fall while pay risesIf nominal hourly pay rises more slowly than consumer prices, inflation adjusted hourly earnings can decline even though the paycheck contains more dollars.
  • Hourly vs. weekly earningsWeekly purchasing power also depends on hours worked. Real weekly earnings can rise even when real hourly earnings fall if the average workweek becomes longer.
  • July 2026 readingBLS reported real average hourly earnings down 0.1% from June and down 0.2% from a year earlier. Real weekly earnings were unchanged over the month and up 0.1% over the year.
  • What this does not measureIt is an average across private nonfarm payroll employees. It does not describe every household’s income, taxes, benefits, wealth or personal spending basket.

Beyond the headline unemployment rate

U-3, U-6 and broader labor underutilization

The official unemployment rate is U-3. BLS also publishes broader measures that include discouraged workers, other marginally attached people and people working part time for economic reasons. U-6 is the broadest of the six national measures. U 3 is the official unemployment rate. U 6 is broader because it also includes some people marginally attached to the labor force and people working part time for economic reasons.

U-3 official unemployment rate4.1%
U-44.4%
U-55.1%
U-6 broad underutilization7.9%

Official Unemployment Rate vs. U-6 Every month

Seasonally adjusted BLS measures. The live chart uses U-3 series LNS14000000 and U-6 series LNS13327709.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Survey. U-3: LNS14000000; U-6: LNS13327709. Both are seasonally adjusted monthly measures. Official BLS Cps.
MeasureJuly 2026What gets added
U-34.1%Total unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force.
U-44.4%U-3 plus discouraged workers.
U-55.1%U-4 plus all other marginally attached workers.
U-67.9%U-5 plus people working part time for economic reasons.
Why U-6 is higher: the official U-3 definition does not count every person who wants more work. U-6 deliberately uses a broader denominator and numerator to capture additional forms of labor underutilization. It is not a replacement for U-3; it answers a broader question.

Cost of carrying the debt

Federal borrowing cost and interest expense

Market yields tell you what Treasury securities trade around today. The average interest rate on debt outstanding tells you what the existing stock of federal securities costs on average. Interest expense shows the dollars accrued over time. The average interest rate on outstanding federal debt changes more slowly than market yields because old securities remain in the debt stock until they mature. Interest expense shows the cash cost recorded by Treasury over time.

Average rate on total interest bearing debt3.447%
Total marketable average rate3.443%
July interest expense$117.6B
FY2026 interest expense through July$1.17T

Average Interest Rate on Interest Bearing Federal Debt Every month

The interactive line chart uses every monthly Treasury Fiscal Data Average Interest Rates observation available in the selected history.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data, Average Interest Rates on U.S. Treasury Securities. Monthly observations. Official Fiscal Data API dataset.

Monthly Interest Expense Every month

The live graph uses Treasury’s Interest Expense on the Public Debt Outstanding dataset.

Data provenance: Source: U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data, Interest Expense on the Public Debt Outstanding. Monthly interest expense is distinct from the federal budget concept of net interest. Official Fiscal Data API dataset.

July 2026 average rates by security type

Security categoryAverage interest rateWhy it differs
Treasury Bills3.758%Short maturities reprice relatively quickly as policy and market rates change.
Treasury Notes3.309%Large stock of securities issued across multiple years and coupon environments.
Treasury Bonds3.442%Long dated debt retains older coupons for much longer.
TIPS1.127%Displayed average rate does not by itself capture inflation adjustments to principal.
Floating Rate Notes3.948%Coupon payments reset with the security’s floating rate mechanism.
Total Marketable3.443%Average across marketable Treasury debt categories subject to Treasury methodology.
Total Interest Bearing Debt3.447%Broader blended average covering interest bearing federal debt in the dataset.
  • Why current yields and average debt cost differA 10-year yield near today’s market level applies to new or currently traded securities. The debt stock contains securities issued in many earlier rate environments.
  • Why the average rate can keep rising after Fed cutsLow coupon securities can mature and be refinanced at higher rates even when current policy rates are lower than their recent peak.
  • Interest expense vs. net interest in the federal budgetTreasury’s debt interest dataset includes interest credited to government accounts as well as externally held securities. Budget net interest concepts are not identical.
  • Monthly volatilityInterest expense can jump in coupon payment months and because of inflation compensation, discounts, premiums and the mix of securities outstanding.

Investozora calculations

Derived indicators that connect the data

These readings are not separate government statistics. Investozora calculates them from the official inputs shown elsewhere on this page and publishes the formula beside each value so the result can be reproduced. Derived indicators combine official inputs to answer a comparison question that no single source series answers by itself. Each formula is shown so the calculation can be checked independently.

2s10s Treasury Spread

+47 bps

Compares the 10-year Treasury yield with the 2-year yield. Negative means this portion of the curve is inverted.

(10Y − 2Y) × 100

Inputs: U.S. Treasury Daily Par Yield Curve.

10-Year Inflation Compensation

2.32%

Nominal 10-year Treasury yield minus the 10-year real Treasury yield. It is market inflation compensation, not a pure forecast.

10Y nominal − 10Y real

Inputs: Treasury nominal curve + Treasury real curve.

Debt Held by Public Share

80.6%

Share of total public debt outstanding classified by Treasury as debt held by the public.

Debt held by public ÷ total public debt × 100

Inputs: Treasury Fiscal Data: Debt to the Penny.

Why derived indicators help: official agencies publish the underlying series for different purposes and on different schedules. Transparent calculations let readers compare those series without implying that the government agency itself publishes or endorses Investozora’s derived measure.

What updates next

Major U.S. economic release calendar

Scheduled release times are Eastern Time. This calendar is a reader service, not a market consensus calendar: “actual” data should come from the agency that publishes the release. Release dates matter because economic statistics arrive on different schedules. This calendar helps readers see which official publication is likely to change the dashboard next.

Sep. 4 · 8:30 Et

Employment Situation: August 2026

Payrolls, unemployment, earnings and participation · Official BLS schedule.

Calendar standard: release dates and times are linked to the BLS schedule, BEA schedule and Federal Reserve Fomc calendar. Agency schedules can change. Consensus estimates are intentionally not presented as official data unless a separately identified, licensed forecast source is connected.

Data integrity

Freshness, release dates and revisions

“Latest” does not mean “real time.” A trustworthy economic page distinguishes the period being measured, the date an agency published it, the time Investozora retrieved it and whether the statistic can later be revised. Observation date, release date and retrieval time are different. This section keeps those concepts separate and explains how revisions are handled when an agency changes an earlier estimate.

Indicator Current reference period Latest scheduled publication / observation Next scheduled major release Revision behavior
CPIJuly 2026Aug. 12, 2026Sep. 11, 2026 · August CPI Seasonal factors can be revised; the published monthly release is the source for the current headline.
Employment SituationJuly 2026Aug. 7, 2026Sep. 4, 2026 · August jobs report Payroll estimates are routinely revised as more employer reports arrive.
Real GDPQ2 2026 second estimateAug. 26, 2026Sep. 30, 2026 · third estimate Advance, second and third estimates can change as source data become more complete.
PCE / Core PCEJuly 2026Aug. 26, 2026Sep. 30, 2026 · August Personal Income and Outlays BEA series can be revised, including during annual updates.
Treasury par yieldsLatest available business dayBusiness day observationNext Treasury business day update Daily curve observations are official Treasury estimates from its yield curve methodology.
EFFR / SOFRLatest available business dayNew York Fed reference rate publicationNext business day publication New York Fed exposes a revision indicator in its reference rate feed.
Debt to the PennyLatest available business dayPrevious business day debt positionNext business day dataset update Treasury reports the published debt position for each record date.
Monthly Treasury StatementFY2026 through JulyMonthly fiscal statementNext monthly Mts Monthly and fiscal year to date totals should be read from the relevant statement; do not sum FYTD rows across months.

Observation date

The date or period the number describes: for example, July 2026 CPI or a Treasury yield for a particular business day.

Release date

The date the agency publishes the statistic. A July statistic can be released in August, so the release date and reference period are not interchangeable.

Retrieval time

The time Investozora successfully fetched a browser readable official feed. Retrieval time does not change the underlying observation date.

Revision

A later agency update to a previously published estimate. Revisions should be treated as part of the economic record, not silently ignored.

Reader guide

What each indicator means in plain English

A dashboard becomes useful when a non specialist can understand it without losing the precision an analyst expects. These definitions are written for readers who want the meaning before the jargon. Each explanation focuses on what the indicator measures, why it matters and how to avoid a common misreading.

CPI

A measure of how prices paid by urban consumers change over time. The year over year rate compares the index with the same month one year earlier.

Core CPI

CPI excluding food and energy. It helps reveal underlying price trends, but households still pay for food and energy, so it should not replace headline CPI.

Core PCE

A BEA price measure excluding food and energy. It uses different weights and scope from CPI and is closely watched in Federal Reserve policy discussions.

Unemployment rate

The share of the labor force that is jobless, available for work and actively seeking work under BLS definitions. People outside the labor force are not counted as unemployed.

Nonfarm payrolls

An employer survey estimate of payroll jobs outside farming and several excluded categories. Monthly changes are revised as BLS receives more complete information.

Labor force participation

The share of the civilian noninstitutional population age 16 and older that is employed or actively looking for work.

Fed target range

The Federal Open Market Committee’s target range for the federal funds rate. It is a policy target, not the interest rate every household or business pays.

Effective federal funds rate

A transaction based overnight rate published by the New York Fed. It normally trades within the Federal Reserve’s target range.

Treasury yield

The return implied by a Treasury security or official par yield curve point for a specific maturity. Yields and bond prices move in opposite directions.

2s10s spread

The 10-year Treasury yield minus the 2-year yield. A negative number means that part of the yield curve is inverted; a positive number means the 10-year yield is higher.

Real GDP

The inflation adjusted value of goods and services produced in the economy. Quarterly headline growth is commonly reported at an annualized rate.

Federal debt

The amount of federal debt outstanding at a point in time. Treasury separates debt held by the public from intragovernmental holdings.

Federal deficit

The amount by which federal outlays exceed receipts during a period. A surplus is the opposite: receipts exceed outlays.

Revisions

Many economic statistics are estimates based on incomplete information when first released. Agencies revise them as better data arrive. The revision is part of the data story.

Seasonally adjusted

A statistical adjustment intended to remove recurring seasonal patterns so month to month changes are easier to compare.

Reader questions

U.S. Economy Dashboard FAQ

Eight evidence based answers explain how to interpret live U.S. macro data, revisions and derived measures while preserving the distinction between official statistics and Investozora analysis. These answers cover the questions that come up most often when people compare inflation, growth, jobs, interest rates, revisions and recession signals.

Is the U.S. currently in a recession?

No single dashboard metric is an official recession declaration. The Nber Business Cycle Dating Committee dates U.S. peaks and troughs using a range of economy wide activity measures. Investozora’s macro regime signal is a transparent analytical classification, not an Nber determination.

How quickly does this dashboard update?

Registered BLS and FRED requests run through a server side gateway, while Treasury and New York Fed business day feeds refresh from official endpoints. The BLS Public Data API, FRED API, Treasury rates and New York Fed Markets API remain the authoritative upstream records; publication timing and cache duration can affect the exact second a new value appears here.

Observation date vs. release date: what is the difference?

The observation date is the period measured; the release date is when the agency publishes it. For example, the BLS CPI release identifies the reference month separately from its publication date. Investozora keeps observation period, release date and retrieval status separate.

Are Investozora derived indicators official statistics?

No. Curve spreads, inflation compensation and wage growth minus CPI are calculations from identified source series. The inputs link back to the U.S. Treasury, Treasury real yield curve or BLS as appropriate, and the displayed formula makes the calculation reproducible.

Why can official economic numbers be revised?

Many statistics are first published before every source record is complete. The BEA GDP release distinguishes estimate vintages, while BLS employment releases can revise prior payroll months. Revisions are part of the official data process, so the dashboard replaces older estimates with the newest validated release rather than treating the first print as permanent.

Why are CPI and PCE inflation different?

BLS CPI and the BEA PCE price index differ in scope, weights and methodology. Core versions exclude food and energy, but they are still distinct series. Viewing both helps readers understand whether price pressure is broad, concentrated or changing across measures.

What do “seasonally adjusted” and “SAAR” mean?

Seasonal adjustment removes recurring calendar patterns to make adjacent periods more comparable. SAAR means seasonally adjusted annual rate: the BEA GDP quarterly growth rate is annualized, so it is not the same concept as a year over year percentage change.

How should debt, the deficit and Treasury yields be read together?

Debt to the Penny is a stock measured at a point in time; the Monthly Treasury Statement reports receipts and outlays over a period; Treasury par yields are market borrowing rates by maturity. They interact through financing conditions but are not interchangeable measures.

Transparency

Sources, calculations and update rules

Every major value should be traceable to an originating government or Federal Reserve publication. This section identifies the source series, natural frequency, transformation rule, revision treatment and the boundary between an official statistic, an Investozora calculation and editorial interpretation. This section lists the originating sources, series identifiers, formulas and update rules used on the page. It is designed so a journalist, analyst or reader can trace a displayed number back to the official record.

Secure API gateway: server side connectors are configured for FRED and the BLS Public Data API; API credentials are not rendered into the public page. The visible verified baseline remains available while the newest payload is validated.
IndicatorPrimary sourceSeries / datasetFrequencyInvestozora method
Federal funds target rangeNew York FedReference rates / EFFR feedPolicy / business dayDisplay official target lower and upper bounds.
Effective federal funds rateNew York FedEFFRBusiness dayDisplay official published EFFR.
Treasury yield curveU.S. TreasuryDaily Treasury Par Yield CurveBusiness dayDisplay official par yield observations by maturity.
2s10sU.S. Treasury + InvestozoraDerivedBusiness day(10Y − 2Y) × 100 basis points.
CPIBLSCUUR0000SA0Monthly12-month percentage change from unadjusted CPI index.
Core CPIBLSCUUR0000SA0L1EMonthly12-month percentage change from index excluding food and energy.
Monthly CPIBLSCUSR0000SA0MonthlyMonth to month percent change from seasonally adjusted index.
UnemploymentBLSLNS14000000MonthlyOfficial seasonally adjusted rate.
Payroll changeBLSCES0000000001MonthlyLatest payroll employment level minus prior month, in thousands.
Wage growthBLSCES0500000003Monthly12-month percentage change in average hourly earnings.
ParticipationBLSLNS11300000MonthlyOfficial rate.
Core PCEBEAPCE price index excluding food and energyMonthlyBEA origin series is retrieved through FRED by the secure server side gateway; the FRED API credential is never exposed in page source.
Real GDPBEAReal GDPQuarterlyBEA origin real GDP growth is retrieved through FRED by the secure server side gateway; estimate revisions replace the current observation when published.
SOFR / OBFR / TGCR / BGCRNew York FedReference RatesBusiness dayDisplay official percent rate; SOFR volume in billions converted to trillions for compact display.
Real Treasury yieldsU.S. TreasuryDaily Treasury Par Real Yield CurveBusiness dayDisplay official TIPS based real constant maturity par yields.
Inflation compensationU.S. Treasury + InvestozoraDerivedBusiness dayComparable nominal Treasury yield minus real Treasury yield. Not described as pure expected inflation.
Wage growth − CPIBLS + InvestozoraCES0500000003 + CUUR0000SA0MonthlyNominal average hourly earnings YoY growth minus CPI YoY growth in percentage points.
Federal debtTreasury Fiscal DataDebt to the PennyBusiness dayOfficial debt held by public + intragovernmental holdings.
Real average hourly earningsBLSCES0500000013MonthlyOfficial BLS real average hourly earnings for all private employees, seasonally adjusted, in constant 1982–84 dollars.
U-6 labor underutilizationBLSLNS13327709MonthlyOfficial seasonally adjusted broad labor underutilization rate.
Average interest rate on Treasury debtTreasury Fiscal Dataavg_interest_ratesMonthlyDisplay Treasury’s published average rate for Total Interest bearing Debt and related security categories.
Interest expense on debt outstandingTreasury Fiscal Datainterest_expenseMonthlyDisplay current month and FYTD Treasury interest expense amounts; do not equate gross debt interest with budget net interest.
Data freshness labelsInvestozoraPage metadataEvery updateKeep observation period, release date and retrieval status conceptually separate.
Revision contextOriginating agency + InvestozoraAgency release revisionsAs publishedDisplay newest official estimate; explain material revisions in analysis or related reporting.
Receipts / outlays / deficitU.S. TreasuryMonthly Treasury StatementMonthlyFYTD totals. Never sum FYTD rows across months.

Primary source registry

PublisherData used hereAccess methodFreshness ruleInvestozora treatment
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis FREDBEA origin GDP, PCE inflation, income, saving and debt to GDP distributionFRED API through secure Investozora Worker gatewaySource dependentFRED credential remains server side; originating source attribution is retained and revisions replace current observations.
Bureau of Labor StatisticsCPI, Core CPI, unemployment, payrolls, wages, participation, U-6, real earningsBLS Public Data API / official releasesMonthlyOfficial values preserved; derived rates and differences labeled as Investozora calculations.
Bureau of Economic AnalysisGDP, PCE, Core PCE, personal income, spending, savingOfficial BEA releases in frontend only buildMonthly / quarterlyEditorially updated because a private BEA UserID is not exposed in public page source.
Federal Reserve Bank of New YorkEFFR, SOFR, OBFR, TGCR, BGCR, target bounds, SOFR volume and averagesPublic Markets Data JSONBusiness dayDisplayed directly after validation; effective date retained.
U.S. Department of the TreasuryNominal and real par yield curvesOfficial XML feedsBusiness dayDaily observations used for latest values; historical charts retain each available business day observation so daily path changes remain inspectable.
Treasury Fiscal DataDebt, debt composition, average borrowing cost, interest expenseFiscal Data JSON APIBusiness day / monthlyRaw dollar amounts normalized only for display units such as billions and trillions.
U.S. Treasury Monthly Treasury StatementReceipts, outlays and fiscal year to date budget balanceOfficial monthly statementMonthlyFYTD values are never summed across months; the relevant statement’s reported total is used.
Fallback policy: a failed browser request never becomes a made up “live” value. The page retains a dated official fallback already present in the HTML, labels it as a fallback, and replaces it only after a newer response passes basic numeric and date validation.

BLS Consumer Price Index

Headline CPI, core CPI and detailed consumer price components; monthly index and change data.

Official BLS CPI →

BEA Gross Domestic Product

Official real GDP estimates and revisions, including quarterly SAAR growth.

Official BEA GDP →

New York Fed Reference Rates

EFFR, SOFR, OBFR, TGCR, BGCR, target range fields and secured market reference rate information.

Official NY Fed EFFR →

Treasury Fiscal Data

Average Treasury borrowing rates, interest expense and Monthly Treasury Statement fiscal flows.

Official Fiscal Data →

FRED secure distribution layer

Server side access to selected BEA origin and Federal Reserve economic time series; FRED credentials remain private.

Official FRED API documentation →
BLS attribution note: data retrieved from BLS should identify BLS as the source and the retrieval date. Analyses and calculations performed after retrieval are Investozora’s responsibility; they should not be presented as BLS analysis.
Revision policy: do not silently overwrite a materially revised headline in accompanying journalism. Where practical, state the previous estimate, revised estimate and size of the revision. The current dashboard should display the newest official estimate while preserving revision context in the text or related article.

Editorial responsibility

How this page is created and who maintains it

Automation retrieves data; editorial responsibility remains human. The page separates official source values, Investozora calculations and written analysis. Automation can retrieve a number, but editorial responsibility still belongs to a person. This section explains who maintains the page, how sources are checked and how corrections are handled.

Adarsha Dhakal

Founder & Editor, Investozora

This U.S. economy page is researched, structured and editorially maintained by Adarsha Dhakal for Investozora. The data workflow begins with the originating government or Federal Reserve source: including BLS, BEA, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the U.S. Treasury: before Investozora adds clearly labeled calculations, historical comparisons and plain English explanations.

Automated feeds are used only where a public browser readable source can be validated safely. Values that require protected credentials or scheduled human review remain editorially maintained. Material revisions should be reflected in the dashboard and explained in related reporting rather than silently hidden.

Read Adarsha Dhakal’s full Investozora profile →

About This Data Page

Investozora’s U.S. Economy Dashboard is a primary source research utility built to make important U.S. macroeconomic statistics easier to inspect, compare and verify. The page links readers to the originating records from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, U.S. Treasury, Treasury Fiscal Data and FRED documentation. Observation periods, update frequency, units, revision behavior and Investozora calculations are kept separate so an official statistic is not confused with editorial interpretation.

Government and Federal Reserve statistics can be revised, corrected, delayed or temporarily unavailable. The dashboard therefore keeps a dated official baseline when a newer request cannot be validated and replaces it only with a newer valid upstream observation. The page is provided for research, news and educational use and does not provide personalized investment, tax or legal advice.

This dashboard is informational and educational research, not investment, tax, legal or personalized financial advice. For consequential decisions, verify the current value and methodology directly with the originating agency linked beside the relevant indicator.